Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a genetic disorder characterized by numerous fluid-filled cysts that gradually enlarge the kidneys and impair their function. Over time, PKD can lead to hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and end-stage renal failure requiring dialysis or transplant. Symptoms may include flank pain, hematuria, and recurrent infections. Because PKD significantly affects long-term mortality and morbidity, it is a major concern in life and disability underwriting, especially when kidney function is already reduced or there is a strong family history.

Underwriters evaluate polycystic kidney disease by reviewing nephrology records, imaging reports, creatinine and eGFR trends, blood-pressure control, and any dialysis or transplant history. Early-stage PKD with good control may receive heavily rated offers, while advanced disease is often uninsurable. Advisors gather detailed kidney-related medical records and prepare clients for limited options. Understanding PKD helps advisors interpret lab trends, discuss prognosis sensitively, and consider guaranteed-issue or alternative planning strategies when traditional coverage is not feasible.